Wednesday, January 12, 2011

Chapter 6- Graphics, Digital Media, and Multimedia

  • Tim Berners-Lee:- invented World Wide Web and is the head of W3C.
  • Bit mapped Graphics is the representation of graphic images as bit maps by hardware and software.
  • Painting Software: in which pixels are painted on a screen with a pointing device.
    • stores image at 300 at dots per inch of higher
    • translates pointer movements into lines and patterns on the screen.
  • Resolution: the density of the pixels.
  • Pixels: little dots of white, black, or color that make images on screen.
  • Palette: the given set of options of colors to choose from.
  • Color depth: the number of bits to each pixel.
  • Image Processing is a process where photos are edit through the computer.
    • makes it possible to manipulate and combine photos, it's realistic.
  • Digital photo management software make it easy to and automate normal tasks that have to do with capturing, recognizing,editing, and sharing digital images.
    • also simplifies and automates regular tasks that have to do with capturing, recognizing, editing, and sharing digital images. 
-Audio digitizer- captures Object-oriented drawing gives you many advantages. Such as creating printed graphs, charts and illustrations and clearer line and shapes.

 
Some integrated programs contain drawing and painting modules which allow you to choose the right tool depending on the job

 
Some programs merge features of both in a single application. For example, bluring the distinction between types. Or, offering new possibilities for beginners.

 
Computer Aided Desine (CAD) software allows:-
  • Engineers, designers, and architects to create designs on screens for productis randing from computer chips to public buildings
  • The testing of product prototypes
  • The use of cheaper, faster, and more accurate techniques.
Computer-aided Manufacturing (CAM) is a process where data related to a product design is fed into a program that controls the manugacturing of parts.

 
Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM) refers to the combination of CAD/CAM and is a major step toward a fully automated factory.

 
What is the difference between CAD-CAM-CIM?
Presentation graphics help automate the creation of visual aids for lectures, training, sales demonstrations, and more. And, creates slide shows directly on computer monitors or LCD projectors, including still images, animation, and video clips.

 
With presentation graphics, you start by creating an outline of the main points of your talk, arranging headings and points in the appropriate order.

 
Also, you can design the back ground, borders, and text format yourself, or slect a professionally-designed template from the collection that comes with PPT.

 
Microsoft Product lets you combine a presentation with a video of a speaker and a table of contents

 
When making PPT presentations:
  • remember your goal
  • keep it simple
  • be smart with art
  • outline your ideas
  • use a consistent design
  • keep each side focused
  • be stingy with words
  • remember your audience
How do you make a powerful presentation?

 
Modern media contains dynamic information, which is information that changes over time or in response to user input

 
Animation is the idea that each frame of a computer-based animation is a computer-drawn picture: the computer displays these frames in rapid succession

 
Tweening is the idea that instead of drawing each frame by hand, an animator can create key frames and objects and use software to help fill in the gaps.

 
Desktop Video: Computers, Film, and TV-- Analog and Digital video is a digitizer that can convert analog video signals from a telivision broadcast or videotape into digital data.

 
Many video digitizers can import signals from TVs, videotapes, video cameras, and other sources.
  • Signals are displayed on the computer's screen in real time- at the same time they are created or imported.
Digital Video
  • can be copied, edited, stored, and played back without any loss of quality
  • will soon replace analog video for most applications.

 
What's a Video Digitis? ComputerHope.com (http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/v/videdigi.htm)
  • "Alternatively referred to as a video digitiser, a video digitizer is software that takes an analog video still frame and coverts it to a digital still image. This is generally accomplished with the aid of computer hardware." 
Dynamic Media: today most editing  is done using nonlinear editing technology

 
What is nonlinear editing technology?

 
Video editing software, such as Adobe Premiere, helps makes the process easier, where you can eliminating footage, combine clips, put together scenes, create special effects, and perform a variety of other activities.

 
Morphs are video clips in which one image morphs into another.

 
What's broadband internet?

 
Audio Digitizers capture sound and store it as a data file

 
A synthesizer is an electronic instrument that synthesizes sounds using mathematical formulas.

 
Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a standard interface that allows electronice instruments and computers to communicate with each other.

 
What is the difference between MIDI and MP3?
**explain diagram**

 
Music is digitized on audio CDs at a high sampling rate and bit depth. So high that it is really hard to tell the difference between the original analog sound and the final digital recording.

 
Digital Audios Dos and Dont's:
  • Don't: steal  or over-compress
  • Do: Understand streaming and downloading, know your file formats.

 
Popular Digital Audio Formats:
WAV.AIFF
MP3
WMA
AAC
OGG

 
Multimedia computers can control a variety of electronic musical instruments and sound sources using MIDI, who's commands can be interpreted by a variety by music synthesizers and samplers.

 
A piano-style keyboard sends MIDI signals to the computer which interprets the its commands using sequence software

Sequencing software turns a computer into a musical composing, recording, and editing machine.

 
Electronica- music desgined from the ground up with digital technology and is also some of the most interesting sequenced music.

 
Hypertext refers to information connected in non-sequential ways.
Hypermedia combines text, numbers, graphics, animation, sound effects, music, and other media in hyperlinked documents.
Hypermedia is useful for on-line  help files and for letting users jump between documents all over the internet.Hypermedia documents can be confusing and leave readers wondering what they've missed.

 
What is interactive media?
A combination of text, graphics, animation, video, music, voice, and sound effects that allows the user to take an active part in the experience
Requirements: high-quality color monitors, fast processors, large memory, CD-ROM drives, speakers, and sound cards.

 
Multimedia Authoring uses authoring programs such as HyperStudio and MetaCard. It also binds source documents together to communicate with users in an aesthetically pleasing way.
In addition, multimedia authoring involves programming objects on the screen to react or behave in particular ways under particular circumstances.

 
Macromedia Director MX is one of the most popular of such packages, includes pre-written behaviors that  can be attached to on-screen buttons, images, and other objects.

 
Dos and Dont's:
Be consistent in visual appearance
Use graphical metaphors to guide viewers
Keep the screen clean and uncluttered
Include multimedia elements to enliven the presentation
Focus on the message
Give the user control
Test your presentation with those unfamiliar with the subject

 
Virtual reality:
  • combines virtual worlds with networking
  • places mulitple participants in a virtual space
  • people see representations of each other (Avatars)
  • most avatars today are cartoonish, but they convey a sense of presence and emotion.
Tele-immersion uses multiple camers and high-speed networks to create a videoconferencing environment in which multiple remote users can interact with each other and computer-generated objects. Also, it combines the display